title: “Creative Assignment 4” author: “Maggie Weese” date: “10/1/2020” output: html_document: theme: spacelab toc: true toc_float: true code_folding: hide — # Creating Isochrones in R Studio Thank you to Carole and Alex for the base code for this exercise!
Loading Libraries and Data
library(osmdata)
library(opentripplanner)
library(tidyverse)
library(sf)
library(ggthemes)
library(ggspatial)BPP_libraries is data on public pools in Baltimore sourced from the Baltimore City Data Directory. Bmore_schools is data on all public schools in Baltimore also sourced from the Baltimore City Data Directory.
BPP_libraries <- st_read(
"https://data.baltimorecity.gov/api/geospatial/2fex-mveq?method=export&format=KML")
Bmore_schools <- st_read(
"https://data.baltimorecity.gov/api/geospatial/y4x7-8za4?method=export&format=KML")Using Open Trip Planner
This code searches for streets in Baltimore, MD in Open Trip Planner and save it onto my desktop.
opq(bbox = 'Baltimore MD USA') %>%
add_osm_feature(key = 'highway') %>%
osmdata_xml(file = 'OTP/graphs/default/Baltimore_Streets.osm')Changing Projections
In this section, I shift the projection to be the Baltimore City projection found on the site Spatial Reference. I also create the variables used in the map below.
Bmore_state_plane <- "+proj=omerc +lat_0=39.304635 +lonc=-76.614429 +alpha=0 +k=1 +x_0=106.4881889763779 +y_0=788.8544577089153 +ellps=GRS80 +datum=NAD83 +to_meter=0.3048006096012192 +no_defs"
bmore_street_features <- opq(bbox = 'Baltimore MD USA') %>%
add_osm_feature(key = 'highway') %>%
osmdata_sf()
bmore_streets <- bmore_street_features$osm_lines %>%
st_transform(crs = Bmore_state_plane)Initial Map of OTP Data
Below is a map of the street networks in Baltimore City, MD.
ggplot(bmore_streets) +
geom_sf() +
theme_map()
Mapping Isochrones from OTP Data
Connection to OTP
path_otp <- otp_dl_jar("OTP")path_data <- file.path(getwd(), "OTP")
path_otp <- paste(path_data, "otp.jar",sep = "/")
otp_build_graph(otp = path_otp, dir = path_data, memory = 1024) otp_setup(otp = path_otp, dir = path_data, memory =1024)# Connect to opentripplanner
otpcon <- otp_connect()## Router http://localhost:8080/otp/routers/default existsCreating Isochrone Data for 5 minute Walking and Driving Radius from Baltimore City Public Pools.
iso_5min_walk <-
otp_isochrone(otpcon = otpcon, fromPlace = BPP_libraries,
mode = "WALK", cutoffSec = 300) %>%
st_transform(crs = Bmore_state_plane) %>%
mutate(mode = "walk")
iso_5min_drive <-
otp_isochrone(otpcon = otpcon, fromPlace = BPP_libraries,
mode = "CAR", cutoffSec = 300) %>%
st_transform(crs = Bmore_state_plane) %>%
mutate(mode = "drive")
iso_all_modes <- rbind(iso_5min_drive, iso_5min_walk)Mapping Isochrones for Walking and Driving
right_side <- st_bbox(iso_all_modes)$xmax
left_side <- st_bbox(iso_all_modes)$xmin
top_side <- st_bbox(iso_all_modes)$ymax
bottom_side <- st_bbox(iso_all_modes)$ymin
ggplot(iso_all_modes) +
annotation_map_tile(zoomin = 0, type = "cartolight", progress = "none") +
geom_sf(aes(fill = mode), alpha = 0.5) +
geom_sf(data = BPP_libraries) +
coord_sf(xlim = c(left_side, right_side),
ylim = c(bottom_side, top_side), expand = FALSE) +
scale_fill_viridis_d(name = "Area that is reachable within 5 minutes",
labels = c("By car", "By foot")) +
annotation_north_arrow(location = "tr", which_north = "true",
pad_x = unit(2, "in"), pad_y = unit(7, "in"),
style = north_arrow_fancy_orienteering) +
annotation_scale(location="br") +
theme_map()+
labs(caption = "Basemap Copyright OpenStreetMap contributors")
Graph of Comparing Area of Driveshed to Walkshed
iso_areas <- iso_all_modes %>%
mutate(area = st_area(iso_all_modes)) %>%
st_set_geometry(NULL) %>%
pivot_wider(names_from = mode, values_from = area)
ggplot(iso_areas,
aes(x = as.numeric(walk), y = as.numeric(drive))) +
geom_point() +
scale_x_continuous(name =
"Area within a five-minute walking distance\nof a public pool\n(square km)",
breaks = breaks <- seq(0, 2000000, by = 200000),
labels = breaks / 1000000) +
scale_y_continuous(name =
"Area within a five-minute driving distance\nof a public pool\n(square km)",
breaks = breaks <- seq(0, 15000000, by = 1500000),
labels = breaks / 1000000) +
ggtitle("Area Within 5 Min Driving Distance of Public Pool vs 5 Min Walking Distance") +
theme_bw()
iso_5min_walk <-
otp_isochrone(otpcon = otpcon, fromPlace = BPP_libraries,
mode = "WALK", cutoffSec = 300) %>%
st_transform(crs = Bmore_state_plane) %>%
mutate(mode = "walk")
iso_5min_bike <-
otp_isochrone(otpcon = otpcon, fromPlace = BPP_libraries,
mode = "BICYCLE", cutoffSec = 300) %>%
st_transform(crs = Bmore_state_plane) %>%
mutate(mode = "bike")
iso_5min_drive <-
otp_isochrone(otpcon = otpcon, fromPlace = BPP_libraries,
mode = "CAR", cutoffSec = 300) %>%
st_transform(crs = Bmore_state_plane) %>%
mutate(mode = "drive")
iso_all_modes2 <- rbind(iso_5min_walk, iso_5min_drive, iso_5min_bike)Mapping Isochrones for Walking, Driving, and Biking
right_side <- st_bbox(iso_all_modes2)$xmax
left_side <- st_bbox(iso_all_modes2)$xmin
top_side <- st_bbox(iso_all_modes2)$ymax
bottom_side <- st_bbox(iso_all_modes2)$ymin
ggplot(iso_all_modes2) +
annotation_map_tile(zoomin = 0, type = "cartolight", progress = "none") +
geom_sf(aes(fill = mode), alpha = 0.5) +
geom_sf(data = BPP_libraries) +
coord_sf(xlim = c(left_side, right_side),
ylim = c(bottom_side, top_side), expand = FALSE) +
scale_fill_manual(values = c("#00AFBB", "#E7B800", "#FC4E07"),
name = "Area that is reachable within 5 minutes",
labels = c("By bike", "By car", "By foot")) +
labs(caption = "Basemap Copyright OpenStreetMap contributors") +
annotation_scale(location="br") +
annotation_north_arrow(location = "tr", which_north = "true",
pad_x = unit(2, "in"), pad_y = unit(7, "in"),
style = north_arrow_fancy_orienteering) +
theme_map()
Creating Map of Public Schools within 5 min Drive of a Public Pool
Selecting Schools within 5 min Driveshed of Public Pools
Bmore_schools <- Bmore_schools %>%
st_transform(Bmore_state_plane)
drive_schools <- Bmore_schools[iso_5min_drive,]
ggplot(iso_5min_drive) +
geom_sf() +
geom_sf(data = drive_schools,
color = "blue",
size = 1) +
theme_map()
Calculating Number and Percentage of Schools within Driveshed
Bmore_schools <- Bmore_schools %>%
st_join(drive_schools) %>%
mutate(by_pool = !is.na(Name.y))
n_drive_schools <- sum(Bmore_schools$by_pool)
n_drive_schools## [1] 23n_Bmore_schools <- length(Bmore_schools$by_pool)
pct_drive_schools <- n_drive_schools / n_Bmore_schools
pct_drive_schools## [1] 0.1314286Mapping Public Schools within 5 min Drive of a Public Pool
right_side <- st_bbox(iso_all_modes)$xmax
left_side <- st_bbox(iso_all_modes)$xmin
top_side <- st_bbox(iso_all_modes)$ymax
bottom_side <- st_bbox(iso_all_modes)$ymin
ggplot(iso_5min_drive) +
annotation_map_tile(zoomin = 0, type = "cartolight", progress = "none") +
geom_sf(fill = "seashell1", alpha = 0.5) +
geom_sf(data = Bmore_schools, size = 1.5,
aes(color = by_pool)) +
scale_color_manual(values = c("deepskyblue2", "darkorchid"),
name = "Baltimore City \nPublic Schools\nNear Public Pools",
labels = c("No School within 5 min drive",
"School within 5 min drive"))+
coord_sf(xlim = c(left_side, right_side),
ylim = c(bottom_side, top_side), expand = FALSE) +
scale_fill_discrete(guide=FALSE) +
theme_map() +
annotate(geom = "text", x = left_side,
y = top_side, fontface = "italic",
label = paste(" Of the ",
prettyNum(n_Bmore_schools, big.mark = ","),
" public schools\n in Baltimore, ",
prettyNum(n_drive_schools, big.mark = ","),
" (",
prettyNum(100*pct_drive_schools, digits = 0),
"%) are\n within a 5 minute drive from a \n public pool.",
sep = ""),
hjust = -0.1, vjust = 1.5, size = 4) +
labs(caption = "Basemap Copyright OpenStreetMap contributors")+
annotation_north_arrow(location = "tr", which_north = "true",
pad_x = unit(2, "in"), pad_y = unit(7, "in"),
style = north_arrow_fancy_orienteering) +
annotation_scale(location="br") +
theme_map()
otp_stop()## [1] "SUCCESS: The process \"java.exe\" with PID 1820 has been terminated."